{"article_id":"2774","schema_version":2,"source_content_hash":"4b6a60cd89a119a32b64d22d8cd8247df5e6d5b232df88f297ab7684414bdbf0","computed_at":"2026-07-13T11:31:46Z","payload":{"topic":{"subtopic":"Методы борьбы и профилактики","canonical":"Кила капусты","confidence":0.9,"related_topics":["Болезни растений","Садоводство","Агротехника","Крестоцветные культуры"]},"entities":[{"role":"primary","type":"other","canonical_name":"Кила (заболевание)"},{"role":"primary","type":"other","canonical_name":"Почвенный слизевик (плазмодиофора)"},{"role":"primary","type":"other","canonical_name":"Капуста белокочанная"},{"role":"secondary","type":"other","canonical_name":"Крестоцветные культуры"},{"role":"secondary","type":"other","canonical_name":"Известкование почвы"}],"passages":[{"kind":"definition","text":"Килу вызывает почвенный слизевик — организм, который раньше относили к грибам, а теперь выделяют в отдельную группу. Он образует покоящиеся споры, которые могут сохраняться в почве десятилетиями."},{"kind":"how_to","text":"Шаг 1. Удаление больных растений. Выкопайте все пораженные кусты с максимальным комом земли, стараясь не стряхивать почву обратно на грядку. Сложите в мешок, вынесите за пределы участка и сожгите. Шаг 2. Известкование. Внесите доломитовую муку или гашеную известь из расчета 500–700 г на квадратный метр под перекопку."},{"kind":"troubleshooting","text":"Обычные фунгициды против килы бесполезны. Плазмодиофора не гриб, и большинство противогрибковых препаратов на нее не действуют. Споры килы сохраняют жизнеспособность до 15 лет в отсутствие растений-хозяев."},{"kind":"comparison","text":"Цветная капуста, брокколи, кольраби, брюссельская капуста поражаются килой еще сильнее, чем белокочанная. У них более нежная корневая система, и галлы разрушают ее практически полностью."},{"kind":"answer","text":"Как не занести килу на участок: выращивайте рассаду сами в проверенном грунте, дезинфицируйте инструмент, боритесь с крестоцветными сорняками, не используйте навоз от неизвестных животных."}],"faq_items":[{"answer":"Кила — опасное заболевание крестоцветных, вызванное почвенным слизевиком, поражающим корни и образующим галлы.","question":"Что такое кила капусты?","confidence":0.95},{"answer":"Споры килы сохраняются в почве до 15 лет, устойчивы к фунгицидам и переносятся с инструментами, навозом и обувью.","question":"Почему кила трудно выводится?","confidence":0.9},{"answer":"Основные методы: известкование почвы до pH 7–7.5, севооборот (не сажать крестоцветные 5–7 лет), удаление и сжигание пораженных растений, использование устойчивых гибридов.","question":"Как бороться с килой на участке?","confidence":0.95},{"answer":"Относительно устойчивы Московская поздняя 15, Зимовка 1474, Подарок, Белорусская 455. Специальные гибриды F1: Килатон, Килагрег, Килагерб.","question":"Какие сорта капусты устойчивы к киле?","confidence":0.9}],"seo_title":"Почему кочаны капусты вянут при влажной почве, а на корнях вырастают уродливые опухоли","ai_summary":"Кила — опасное заболевание крестоцветных, вызываемое почвенным слизевиком, который поражает корни, образуя галлы. Болезнь приводит к увяданию и гибели растений. Эффективные меры: известкование почвы, севооборот, использование устойчивых гибридов.","meaning_text":"Кила — трудноискоренимое заболевание, но при правильной агротехнике (раскисление почвы, севооборот, устойчивые сорта) можно успешно выращивать капусту даже на зараженном участке. Главное — не паниковать, а системно подходить к решению проблемы.","subject_text":"Статья посвящена киле капусты — опасному заболеванию крестоцветных, вызываемому почвенным слизевиком. Описываются симптомы, механизм заражения, методы борьбы и профилактики, а также даются практические рекомендации для садоводов.","key_takeaways":["Килу вызывает слизевик, споры которого сохраняются в почве до 15 лет.","Основной симптом — увядание листьев при влажной почве из-за поражения корней.","Кислая почва (pH \u003c 6.5) способствует развитию килы.","Главный метод борьбы — раскисление почвы (известкование до pH 7–7.5).","Не сажать крестоцветные на зараженном участке 5–7 лет.","Использовать устойчивые гибриды (Килатон, Килагрег, Килагерб).","Выращивать рассаду самостоятельно из проверенного грунта."],"author_profile":{"bio":"Занимаюсь садоводством сколько себя помню. 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